Shenzhen UNIKE Technology Limited Company News

   In modern lighting systems, high mast lights play a crucial role, especially in large - scale venues such as airports, ports, and squares. With the increasing demand for energy conservation and the development of intelligent lighting, the implementation methods of high mast light dimming have become a focal point of attention. Here are several common and effective ways to achieve high mast light dimming.   Photocell Sensor Dimming​    Photocell sensors can accurately and real - time sense the ambient light intensity. When the ambient illuminance drops below the preset threshold, the high mast solar street lights automatically turn on and adjust their brightness according to the light intensity. For example, during dusk when the light weakens, the sensors trigger the high mast lights to gradually light up and adjust to an appropriate brightness. In the daytime with sufficient light, the high mast lights automatically turn off. This straightforward method can effectively reduce energy consumption, ensuring suitable lighting is provided whenever needed. It is widely applied in areas sensitive to ambient light changes, such as parks and roads.     Time - Controlled Switch Dimming​    High mast lights can be controlled via time - controlled switches, allowing different brightness levels and on - off times to be set according to various time periods. For instance, in the late night when there are fewer pedestrians and vehicles, the brightness of high mast lights can be lowered; during peak traffic hours or busy activity periods, the lights can be set to high brightness to ensure sufficient illumination. This method is easy to set up and manage, enabling rational energy savings while fulfilling lighting requirements. It is suitable for areas with regular daily routines, such as the high mast light lighting around factories and schools.   Intelligent Control System Dimming​    With the aid of intelligent control systems, high mast lights can achieve functions like automated control, remote monitoring, and fault diagnosis. For example, through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, high mast lights can be connected to an intelligent management and control platform. The platform can collect various information. At an airport, combined with flight information, when there is flight operation at a parking position, the system automatically adjusts the brightness of high mast lights to meet the operation needs; after the operation is completed, the brightness is reduced or the lights are turned off. In ports, the dimming can be carried out according to the docking and operation status of ships. The intelligent control system can also monitor the status of the lamps in real - time. Once a fault is detected, it will immediately send out an alarm, which facilitates maintenance personnel to handle the problem quickly, improving the reliability and management efficiency of the lighting system. It is applicable to large - scale, complex scenarios with high requirements for lighting control.   Analog Dimming Technology​    Analog dimming mainly adjusts the brightness of high mast lights by regulating the voltage or current of the input power. A common example is PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) dimming. It changes the pulse width and adjusts the duty cycle at a fixed frequency to achieve stepless dimming within the range of 0% - 100%. Its advantages lie in fast dynamic response and good linearity, making it suitable for occasions where high speed of brightness change is required. Another type is linear dimming, which adjusts the brightness by continuously changing the magnitude of the input current. Although the circuit is relatively simple, changes in the input current may affect the stability of the output voltage.   Digital Dimming Technology​    Digital dimming is more precise and flexible. It uses devices such as digital signal processors (DSP) and micro - controllers (MCU) to digitally control the input power. For example, 0 - 10V control adjusts the brightness by providing a 0 - 10V DC voltage signal to the driver. It is simple to control and has a relatively low cost, making it suitable for small - scale lighting systems. The DALI (Digital Addressable Lighting Interface) protocol control, on the other hand, can achieve complex control functions with high dimming precision, applicable to places with fine requirements for lighting control.      Each implementation method of high mast light dimming has its own characteristics and applicable scenarios. In practical applications, factors such as site requirements, budget, and energy - saving goals need to be comprehensively considered to select the most suitable dimming method, so as to achieve an efficient, energy - saving, intelligent, and reliable lighting effect. If you need professional advice on high mast street light dimming solutions or lighting system design, please feel free to contact us. We will provide you with customized solutions.

   In the Middle East, deserts are vast and high temperatures prevail. The performance of lighting equipment is a serious challenge. Many customers in this area are troubled by the poor heat dissipation of the floodlights. But now, there is a revolutionary solution - the black technology of "dust self-cleaning turbine cooling".   The heat problem in the Middle East    The Middle East is characterized by an extremely hot climate and a high content of dust in the air. In such an environment, traditional floodlights often encounter serious heat dissipation problems. When the heat generated by floodlights during operation cannot be effectively dissipated, it not only reduces the luminous efficiency of floodlights but also shortens their service life. For instance, in some large-scale construction projects or outdoor lighting scenarios in the Middle East, due to poor heat dissipation, floodlights may frequently fail, resulting in high maintenance costs and causing inconvenience to users.   Introduce the "Dust self-cleaning turbine cooling" technology Dust removal and self-cleaning function    Our floodlights are equipped with an innovative dust removal and self-cleaning system. The inspiration for this technology comes from the self-cleaning mechanism of nature and adopts a special surface treatment method. The surface of the floodlight is designed as a network of nano-scale pyramid structures. These sharp and angular structures make it very difficult for dust particles to adhere to the material. On the contrary, under the effect of gravity, dust particles tend to stick to each other and roll out of the surface. Furthermore, this self-cleaning function is passive, which means it does not require any additional energy or complex control systems to operate. Continuously keep the focusing surface clean to ensure that the light output is not affected by dust accumulation.   Turbine cooling system    To solve the heat dissipation problem more effectively, we have introduced a high-performance turbine cooling system. This system consists of a high-speed rotating turbine and well-designed heat dissipation channels. When the floodlight is in operation, the turbine starts to rotate at high speed, which can quickly draw in the surrounding cold air and expel the hot air inside the floodlight through the heat dissipation channel. The powerful airflow generated by the turbine can significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency. Compared with traditional heat dissipation methods, this turbine cooling system can reduce the internal temperature of the spotlight by more than 30%, ensuring that the spotlight can operate stably and efficiently even in high-temperature environments.   The advantages of this technology Improved performance    By combining dust self-cleaning with turbine cooling technology, floodlights can maintain a high luminous efficiency for a long time. The clean surface allows more light to be emitted. The effective heat dissipation ensures that the LED chip inside the lamp operates at an appropriate temperature, reducing the light attenuation phenomenon. This means that customers can enjoy brighter and more stable lighting effects.     Extend the service life    By solving the problems of dust accumulation and heat dissipation, the service life of floodlights has been greatly prolonged. It can withstand the harsh environmental conditions in the Middle East for a longer time and reduce the frequency of replacement and maintenance. This not only saves costs for customers, but also enhances the reliability of the lighting system.   Cost-effective    Although this "dust self-cleaning turbine cooling" technology is a high-tech solution, it is highly cost-effective in the long run. The reduced maintenance and replacement costs far exceed the initial investment. In addition, the energy-saving effect brought by the stable operation of floodlights also helps customers save on electricity bills.  

   Brazil, this vast land of South America, has a long coastline and extensive inland areas. Its climate is diverse and the rainy season is long. In some areas, the annual precipitation can reach more than 2,000 millimeters. Meanwhile, in some cities, the public security situation is complex, and the solar panels and batteries of solar street lamps often become the targets of lawbreakers. For enterprises that plan to export or have already exported solar street lamps to Brazil, effectively dealing with the rainy season and theft issues is the key to ensuring the successful implementation of the project and the stable operation of the products.   The solution to the waterproofing problem during the rainy season   Optimization of waterproof design for lamps    1. High protection level: To resist rain invasion, solar street lamps need to achieve a protection level of IP67 or above. Take a well-known brand as an example. Its lamp body is made of an integrated die-cast aluminum alloy material, combined with a silicone rubber sealing ring, achieving a high degree of water and dust resistance, and can operate normally even in heavy rain. ​    2. Application of waterproof and breathable valve: Installing a waterproof and breathable valve can balance the internal and external air pressure of the lamp and prevent condensation due to temperature changes. In some road projects in Sao Paulo, street lamps adopting this technology have effectively reduced the problem of internal water accumulation.   Waterproof protection for the circuit system    1.Potting treatment: Potting treatment is carried out on key circuit components such as the controller and junction box. Waterproof potting compound is used to completely seal the circuit, isolating it from external water vapor. In the municipal project renovation in Rio de Janeiro, the failure rate of street lamps that have undergone potting treatment has significantly decreased during the rainy season. ​    2. Waterproof design for the circuit: Select waterproof cables and apply special waterproof wrapping to the connection points of the circuit to ensure that rainwater cannot seep into the circuit and cause short circuit faults.   Battery protection upgrade    1. Underground battery box: The batteries are placed in a specially designed underground battery box. The box is made of stainless steel and has excellent waterproof, anti-rust and pressure-resistant properties. For instance, in some suburban road lighting projects in Brazil, underground battery boxes effectively protect the batteries from being soaked by rain. ​    2. Battery heating and dehumidification device: During the rainy season with high humidity, some high-end solar street lamps are equipped with battery heating and dehumidification devices to keep the battery working environment dry and prevent performance degradation or damage to the battery due to moisture.   Comprehensive analysis of anti-theft strategies   Physical anti-theft measures    1. Special fixation method: Anti-theft screws, welding and other methods are used to fix the components of street lamps, making it difficult for thieves to disassemble them. For instance, in the installation of street lamps in some commercial areas, the solar panel brackets are welded to the lamp poles as one, effectively preventing the solar panels from being stolen. ​    2. Concealed design: Valuable components such as batteries are installed in a hidden manner, for instance, embedded inside a lamp post or in a specially designed underground concealed space, increasing the difficulty for thieves to locate and steal.   Technical anti-theft measures    1.GPS positioning system: Integrate GPS positioning modules into street lamps to track their locations in real time. Once a street lamp is stolen, its location can be quickly located to assist the police in retrieving it. For instance, in some streets of Brasilia, after street lamps equipped with GPS positioning were stolen, the successful recovery rate through positioning was over 80%. ​    2.Alarm system: Equipped with vibration sensors, tilt sensors, etc., when the street lamps are abnormally moved or damaged, the alarm system will be immediately triggered to send alarm information to the relevant management departments.   Management and publicity are coordinated    1.Strengthen inspection: The local municipal administrative department should increase the inspection frequency of street lamp facilities to promptly detect and handle situations where street lamps are stolen or damaged. In some cities with better public security, cases of stolen street lamps have decreased significantly through strengthened patrols. ​    2.Publicity and education: Through community publicity, media reports and other means, enhance residents' awareness of the importance of solar street lamps, encourage them to actively participate in the protection of street lamp facilities, and create a favorable atmosphere of joint prevention and control.   An integrated waterproof and anti-theft innovative solution   GPS positioning embedded bracket    Integrating the GPS positioning module into the street lamp bracket not only achieves precise positioning of the street lamps, but also the bracket is made of high-strength, cut-resistant materials and has anti-theft functions. Meanwhile, the design of the bracket fully takes waterproofing into account. The connection part with the lamp post adopts a waterproof sealing process, effectively coping with the rainy season environment. In some of the new urban road lighting projects in Rio de Janeiro, solar street lamps with GPS positioning embedded brackets have not experienced any malfunctions caused by waterproofing issues during the rainy season, and there have been no theft records so far. ​ Intelligent security and waterproof monitoring system    Build an intelligent security and waterproof monitoring system, which can monitor the waterproof status of street lamps in real time. For example, it can monitor the humidity inside the lamp through a humidity sensor. Once an abnormality is detected, it will immediately alarm. At the same time, by integrating security cameras, human infrared sensors and other devices, real-time monitoring of the surrounding environment of street lamps is carried out to achieve an organic combination of waterproof and anti-theft functions. In some high-end residential communities in Brazil, after applying this system, the safety and stability of solar street lamps have been greatly enhanced. ​    Solar street lamps exported to Brazil can only gain a firm foothold in the complex climate and security environment of the local area by comprehensively optimizing and innovating in terms of waterproofing and anti-theft, adopting advanced technologies and reasonable management methods, bringing light to both cities and rural areas of Brazil, and also earning a good market reputation and economic benefits for enterprises.

   PM2.5 sensors usually adopt the principle of laser scattering to detect particulate matter in the air. There is a laser light source inside. When the air sample is sucked into the sensor, the laser irradiation on the particulate matter will produce scattered light. The intensity of the scattered light is related to the quantity and size of the particulate matter. By detecting and analyzing scattered light, the sensor can calculate the concentration of PM2.5 particles in a unit volume of air.   The function of PM2.5 sensors    1.Real-time monitoring: It can monitor the concentration changes of PM2.5 in the surrounding air in real time and continuously, providing timely data support for environmental quality assessment. For instance, in places such as urban roads and industrial parks, the PM2.5 sensors integrated into solar street lamps can keep track of the air quality in the area at any time and issue timely warnings when the PM2.5 concentration exceeds the standard.    2. Data collection and transmission: The monitored data is collected and transmitted to the remote monitoring center or relevant management platform through wireless communication modules (such as GPRS, LoRa, etc.). These data can be obtained and analyzed by environmental monitoring departments, urban managers, etc., so that corresponding measures can be taken to improve air quality, such as adjusting industrial production emissions, strengthening traffic control, and increasing the frequency of road watering.    3. Supporting decision-making: Long-term accumulated PM2.5 data can assist relevant departments in analyzing the changing trends of air quality, understanding the pollution characteristics of PM2.5 in different regions and seasons, and providing a scientific basis for formulating environmental protection policies, urban planning, and pollution control plans. For example, based on the monitoring data of PM2.5, the green layout of the city should be reasonably planned, and the green coverage of severely polluted areas should be increased to play the role of adsorbing particulate matter and purifying the air.      The PM2.5 sensor in the integrated intelligent module of solar street lamps has multiple competitive aspects in the field of environmental monitoring, mainly reflected in the following aspects:    1.Energy conservation and environmental protection: Solar street lamps themselves convert solar energy into electricity through solar panels to power the street lamps and integrated smart modules, without relying on traditional power grids. This enables PM2.5 sensors not to consume conventional energy during operation, reducing carbon emissions and conforming to the global development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection. In some regions or projects with high environmental protection requirements, this kind of green energy-driven monitoring equipment has obvious advantages and can more easily obtain policy support and market recognition.    2. Integration and convenience: After being integrated with solar street lamps, PM2.5 sensors do not require a separate power supply system or installation location. They can be installed and operated simply by using the pole and power supply of the street lamp. This integrated design not only saves installation space and costs, but also facilitates unified maintenance and management. Compared with the traditional stand-alone PM2.5 monitoring equipment, it reduces the workload of on-site wiring and equipment debugging, improves the installation efficiency, and is especially suitable for the construction of large-scale environmental monitoring networks. It can be quickly deployed and put into use.    3. Wide distribution advantage: Solar street lamps are usually widely distributed in various places such as urban roads, rural roads, parks, and squares, and can cover a large area. Integrating PM2.5 sensors into solar street lamps can fully utilize the distribution advantages of the street lamps to achieve multi-point and grid-based monitoring of air quality in different areas. This extensive distribution of points can more comprehensively reflect the air quality status within the region, obtain richer and more accurate environmental data, and provide stronger support for environmental monitoring and governance.    4. Data real-time performance and accuracy: The PM2.5 sensors in the integrated intelligent module generally have real-time monitoring and data transmission functions, and can promptly upload the collected PM2.5 concentration data to the remote monitoring platform or related management system. Meanwhile, modern PM2.5 sensing technology has high accuracy and stability, and can accurately measure the concentration changes of PM2.5 in the air. Through integration with solar street lamps, the stable power supply of the equipment is guaranteed, further enhancing the reliability and continuity of data collection, and providing timely and accurate decision-making basis for environmental management departments.    5. Multi-functional expansion: As part of the integrated intelligent module of solar street lamps, the PM2.5 sensor can perform data fusion and collaborative work with other intelligent modules (such as surveillance cameras, meteorological sensors, etc.). For example, by combining the image information of surveillance cameras with PM2.5 concentration data, the relationship between air pollution and the on-site environmental conditions can be understood more intuitively. Combined with the data from meteorological sensors, it is possible to analyze the impact of meteorological conditions on air quality. This multi-functional expansion capability enables the solar street lamp integrated intelligent module to become a comprehensive environmental monitoring platform, enhancing the overall value and competitiveness.    6. Cost-effectiveness: In the long term, the overall cost of integrating PM2.5 sensors into solar street lamps is relatively low. Although there may be certain investments in the early stage of equipment procurement and installation, due to factors such as no need to lay a large number of cables, reduced maintenance costs, and free power supply from solar energy, a significant amount of operation and maintenance expenses can be saved throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment. For some regions or projects with limited budgets but environmental monitoring needs, it offers high cost-effectiveness and can achieve air quality monitoring functions at a relatively low cost.        

     With the rapid development of society and the continuous progress of science and technology, the demand for energy is increasing day by day. At the same time, people are facing the double challenges of the energy crisis and the problem. Traditional fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and Natural gas, which has provided a powerful power for humanity over the past few centuries, has driven the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. However, the reserves of these fossil fuels are limited and they release large amounts during use Harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfides and nitrogen compounds not only exacerbate global warming, but also cause environmental problems such as acid rain and fog, which have a serious impact on ecosystems and human health.      Globally, restrictions on traditional energy sources are becoming increasingly strict. Governments around the world are actively promoting the transformation of the energy structure and seeking cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions. It is precisely in such a background Under such circumstances, solar street lamps emerged. They mainly use solar energy and convert sunlight into electrical energy through photoelectric conversion technology to achieve lighting. The emergence of solar street lamps not only solves the energy problem of traditional street lamps The problems of high consumption and environmental pollution have also greatly reduced energy costs and improved the economic benefits of the lighting system. The application scope of solar street lamps is very wide. They can be installed in various places such as urban roads, parks, squares, residential areas, schools and hospitals.    Compared with traditional street lamps, solar street lamps have the following significant advantages.   Advantages (1) Energy-saving and highly efficient    Solar street lamps use solar energy as their power source. During the day, they convert sunlight into electricity through solar panels and store it in batteries. At night, when lighting is needed, the battery releases the stored electrical energy to drive The street lamps are glowing. This energy utilization method does not consume traditional fossil fuels, which not only saves energy but also reduces carbon emissions, conforming to the green and low-carbon energy development trend. (2) Environmental protection and safety    Solar energy is a clean and renewable source of energy. Its conversion process does not produce harmful substances and is environmentally friendly. In addition, solar street lamps do not require cable laying, thus avoiding environmental pollution during the cable laying process And potential safety hazards. Meanwhile, the voltage of solar street lamps is relatively low, making them safer and more reliable to use. (3) Convenient for maintenance    The structure of solar street lamps is relatively simple, mainly consisting of solar panels, batteries, controllers and lamps, etc. These components are all designed in a standardized and modular way, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. In addition Solar street lamps have a relatively high degree of intelligence. They can achieve functions such as remote on/off and brightness adjustment through remote monitoring and intelligent control systems, which greatly reduces maintenance costs. (4) Long service life    The service life of solar street lamps is relatively long. The service life of solar panels and batteries can generally reach over 15 years, while that of lamps can also exceed 5 years. Therefore, the overall use of solar street lamps It has a longer service life, reducing the frequency of replacement and maintenance.   The technical principle of solar street lamps    The working principle of solar street lamps mainly includes three processes: photoelectric conversion, electrical energy storage and lighting. First of all, solar panels absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. This process mainly relies on photoelectric effects That is, when light shines on a solar panel, photons interact with the electrons inside the panel, causing the electrons to transition from the valence band to the conduction band, thereby generating an electric current.    Then, the generated electrical energy is regulated and controlled through the controller. The main function of the controller is to prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery and protect it from damage. Meanwhile, the controller can also adjust according to the intensity of light and Control the on/off and brightness of street lamps based on factors such as time.    When night falls or the light intensity is lower than the set value, the controller will automatically turn on the street lamps. The battery releases the stored electrical energy to drive the street lamps to light up. The main principle of the light emission of street lamps is to excite the light inside the street lamps through electric current Optical components (such as LED beads) enable it to produce visible light.   (1) photoelectric conversion technology    Photoelectric conversion technology is one of the core technologies of solar street lamps. It involves the process of converting sunlight into electrical energy, mainly relying on solar panels. Solar panels are usually made of silicon crystals and act as sunlight when irradiated onto a silicon crystal, photons interact with electrons in the silicon, causing the electrons to transition from the valence band to the conduction band, thereby generating an electric current.    To enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency, solar panels have adopted a variety of technical means. Firstly, by optimizing the purity and structure of silicon crystals, the recombination probability of electrons and holes is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. Its this time by adopting surface passivation technology, a passivation layer is formed on the surface of silicon crystals to reduce surface state defects and further enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency.    In addition, the solar panels also adopt tracking technology, ensuring that the panels always face the sun and receive sunlight to the greatest extent. Tracking technologies include single-axis tracking and dual-axis tracking, which can be based on geographical locations adjust to the seasonal changes to ensure that the solar panels are always in an excellent light condition. (2) battery technology    The battery is an important component of solar street lamps, used to store the electrical energy generated during the day and release it at night for the use of the street lamps. The components of the battery can directly affect the service life and lighting effect of solar street lamps    At present, the commonly used batteries for solar street lamps mainly include lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal-hydride batteries and lithium batteries, etc. Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of low cost and mature technology, but their service life is relatively short. Nickel-metal-hydride battery storage Lithium batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge, but their cost is relatively high. They have high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge.    To enhance the performance and lifespan of storage batteries, researchers have adopted a variety of technical measures. Firstly, by optimizing the structure and materials of the battery, the internal resistance and polarization phenomena can be reduced, and the charging and discharging efficiency can be improved. Secondly, advanced charging control technology is adopted to prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, thereby extending its service life.Analysis of the   Advantages of solar street lamps (1) economy The economic efficiency of solar street lamps is mainly reflected in the following aspects:    The initial investment cost is relatively low: Solar street lamps do not require cable laying, reducing the cost of electricity and fuel equipment. Meanwhile, the prices of solar panels and batteries are constantly dropping, making the initial investment cost of solar street lamps low This is relatively low.    Low operating costs: Solar street lamps do not consume traditional fossil fuels. They only require regular maintenance and battery replacement, resulting in relatively low operating costs    Government subsidies and tax incentives: Many countries and regions have provided government subsidies and tax incentives for the promotion of solar street lamps, further reducing the economic cost of solar street lamps (2) environmental friendliness The environmental friendliness of solar street lamps is mainly reflected in the following aspects:    Reducing carbon emissions: Solar street lamps use solar energy as an energy source and do not consume traditional fossil fuels, thereby reducing carbon emissions and helping to alleviate the problem of global warming.    Reducing environmental pollution: Solar street lamps do not require cable laying, thus avoiding environmental pollution during the cable laying process. Meanwhile, the voltage of solar street lamps is relatively low, making them safer and more reliable to use and reducing the risk of electric shock and other hazards The occurrence of the total accident.    Saving land resources: Solar street lamps do not occupy additional land resources and can be installed in combination with buildings, trees, etc., thus saving land resources.          

   In recent years, solar street lights have gained increasing popularity worldwide as an energy - efficient and environmentally friendly lighting solution. As the demand for sustainable lighting options grows, understanding the factors that affect the durability of solar street lights becomes crucial. One of the key elements influencing their long - term performance is the materials used in their construction.     1. Solar Panel Materials    Solar panels are the heart of solar street lights, responsible for converting sunlight into electricity. The most common materials used for solar panels are monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon.​ Monocrystalline silicon panels are known for their high efficiency, with the ability to convert a larger percentage of sunlight into electricity compared to other types. They are made from a single crystal structure, which gives them a uniform appearance. This high - quality material also exhibits excellent durability. Monocrystalline silicon panels can withstand harsh environmental conditions, such as strong sunlight, high temperatures, and heavy rain. Their resistance to degradation over time ensures a longer lifespan for the solar street lights. For example, in regions with intense sunlight like the deserts of the Middle East, monocrystalline silicon - based solar street lights have been proven to maintain their performance over many years, providing reliable lighting.​      Polycrystalline silicon panels, on the other hand, are made from multiple silicon crystals. While their efficiency is slightly lower than that of monocrystalline silicon panels, they are more cost - effective. In terms of durability, polycrystalline silicon panels are still quite robust. They can endure normal outdoor conditions, including temperature fluctuations and mild weather changes. However, under extremely harsh environments, such as areas with high humidity and salt - laden air (like coastal regions), they may be more prone to corrosion compared to monocrystalline silicon panels.​    Amorphous silicon panels are the least efficient among the three types. They are made by depositing a thin layer of silicon on a substrate. Although they are inexpensive and lightweight, their durability is relatively lower. Amorphous silicon panels are more sensitive to changes in temperature and light intensity. Over time, they may experience a phenomenon called "light - induced degradation," where their efficiency gradually decreases when exposed to sunlight for an extended period. This makes them less suitable for long - term, high - performance applications in solar street lights, especially in areas with abundant sunlight.   2. Lamp Head and Bracket Materials    The lamp head and bracket of solar street lights play important roles in protecting the lighting components and supporting the overall structure. Common materials for these parts include aluminum alloy, stainless steel, and plastic.​      Aluminum alloy is a popular choice for lamp heads and brackets due to its lightweight nature, which makes installation easier. It also has good corrosion resistance, especially when treated with anodizing or other surface - finishing techniques. Aluminum alloy can withstand moisture and mild acidic or alkaline environments without rusting easily. Additionally, it has excellent heat dissipation properties, which is crucial for the long - term performance of the LED lights in the lamp head. The heat generated by the LEDs can be efficiently dissipated through the aluminum alloy housing, preventing overheating and extending the lifespan of the LEDs. For instance, in urban areas where the air may contain pollutants, aluminum alloy - made solar street light lamp heads and brackets can maintain their integrity for many years.​    Stainless steel is another durable material option. It offers high strength and superior corrosion resistance. Stainless steel can endure extreme weather conditions, including heavy storms, strong winds, and even industrial pollution. In coastal areas where saltwater corrosion is a major concern, stainless - steel lamp heads and brackets are highly recommended. Their ability to resist rust and maintain structural stability over time ensures the long - term functionality of the solar street lights. However, stainless steel is generally more expensive than aluminum alloy, which may impact the overall cost of the solar street light system.​    Plastic is sometimes used for lamp heads and brackets, especially in more cost - conscious applications. Plastic materials are lightweight and can be easily molded into various shapes. They are also relatively inexpensive. However, their durability is limited compared to metal materials. Plastic is prone to degradation under ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight. Over time, prolonged exposure to UV rays can cause the plastic to become brittle, crack, or discolor. In addition, plastic may not be as strong as metal, making it more susceptible to damage from impacts or strong winds. Therefore, plastic - made lamp heads and brackets are more suitable for areas with mild climates and low - impact environments.   3. Battery Materials    Batteries are essential for storing the electricity generated by the solar panels during the day for use at night. The most common battery materials used in solar street lights are lead - acid batteries and lithium - ion batteries.​    Lead - acid batteries have been widely used in the past due to their relatively low cost. They are reliable in terms of energy storage and can provide a stable power supply. However, their durability has some limitations. Lead - acid batteries have a limited number of charge - discharge cycles. With repeated use, the capacity of the battery gradually decreases, and it may need to be replaced after a few years. They also require regular maintenance, such as adding distilled water to the electrolyte, to ensure proper functioning. In cold weather conditions, the performance of lead - acid batteries can be significantly reduced. For example, in regions with harsh winters, lead - acid - powered solar street lights may experience shorter operating times at night.​    Lithium - ion batteries, on the other hand, offer several advantages in terms of durability. They have a higher energy density, which means they can store more energy in a smaller and lighter package. Lithium - ion batteries also have a longer lifespan, with a greater number of charge - discharge cycles compared to lead - acid batteries. They are more resistant to temperature variations, performing well in both hot and cold environments. Additionally, lithium - ion batteries require less maintenance, which reduces the overall cost of ownership over time. Although lithium - ion batteries are more expensive upfront, their long - term durability and better performance make them an increasingly popular choice for high - quality solar street light systems.   4. Controller Materials​    The controller of a solar street light is responsible for regulating the charging and discharging of the battery, as well as controlling the operation of the lights. High - quality controller materials are crucial for ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the solar street light system.​    Controllers are typically made with materials that are resistant to moisture, dust, and electromagnetic interference. They often use printed circuit boards (PCBs) with components that are carefully selected for their reliability. The housing of the controller is usually made of materials such as plastic or metal, with plastic being more common due to its cost - effectiveness and lightweight nature. However, high - quality plastic materials are used to ensure good insulation and protection against environmental factors. Metal - cased controllers may offer better protection against physical damage and electromagnetic interference but are generally more expensive. A well - designed and constructed controller can significantly extend the lifespan of the battery and the overall solar street light system by preventing overcharging, over - discharging, and other potential issues that could damage the components.​      In conclusion, the materials used in the construction of solar street lights have a profound impact on their durability. From the solar panels that capture sunlight to the batteries that store energy, and the lamp heads, brackets, and controllers that support and regulate the system, each component's material choice is critical. By selecting high - quality, durable materials for each part of the solar street light, manufacturers can ensure that these sustainable lighting solutions provide reliable and long - lasting illumination, meeting the needs of various applications around the world. Whether it's in a bustling city street or a remote rural area, the right material selection can make a significant difference in the performance and lifespan of solar street lights.

   Solar street lamps have been widely used in the field of road lighting due to their advantages such as energy conservation, environmental protection and convenient installation. However, as it is usually installed in open and tall outdoor environments, it is highly likely to become a target of lightning strikes. Once lightning strikes a solar street lamp, it will not only damage key components such as the lamp, controller and battery, but also may cause safety accidents and result in economic losses. Therefore, it is of vital importance to master effective measures against lightning strikes. ​ A perfect grounding system    Good grounding is the foundation of lightning protection for solar street lamps. The grounding system can quickly introduce the powerful instantaneous current generated by lightning into the ground, preventing equipment from being damaged due to overvoltage. First of all, appropriate grounding materials should be selected. Generally, hot-dip galvanized flat steel, round steel or copper materials are used, which have good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. The burial depth of the grounding electrode should comply with relevant standards, usually not less than 0.6 meters, and it is necessary to ensure that the grounding electrode is in full contact with the soil. The resistivity of the soil can be reduced and the grounding effect enhanced by adding resistance-reducing agents around the grounding electrode. The general requirement is that the grounding resistance should not exceed 4Ω. If this standard cannot be met, the grounding resistance can be reduced by increasing the number of grounding electrodes or extending the length of the grounding body. ​ Install lightning rods or lightning belts    A lightning rod or lightning belt can attract lightning to itself and safely discharge the lightning current through the grounding system. When installing lightning rods on the top of solar street lamps, it is necessary to ensure that the height and protection range of the lightning rods can cover the entire street lamp system. The length of a lightning rod is generally determined by the height of the street lamp and the surrounding environment, usually ranging from 0.5 to 1 meter. For some solar street lamp facilities that are tall and large in area, it is more appropriate to install lightning protection belts. Lightning protection belts should be laid along metal components such as street lamp poles and solar panel brackets, and be reliably connected to the grounding system. ​   The application of surge protectors (SPDS)    Surge protectors are key equipment for lightning protection in solar street lamps. They can instantly limit excessively high voltages within the range that the equipment can withstand. In the solar street lamp system, surge protectors need to be installed at multiple locations. At the DC output end of the solar panel, a DC SPD should be installed to prevent overvoltage generated by lightning induction from invading the system along the power line. On the connection lines between the controller and the battery, corresponding SPDS also need to be installed to protect these core components. When choosing a surge protector, a reasonable selection should be made based on parameters such as the system's working voltage, maximum continuous operating voltage, and nominal discharge current. ​ Line protection    The circuit of a solar street lamp includes the DC circuit between the solar panel and the controller, the circuit between the controller and the lamp, etc. These lines also require special attention during the lightning protection process. Shielded cables should be used as much as possible for the lines, and both ends of the shielding layer should be reliably grounded to prevent lightning electromagnetic pulses from interfering with the lines and inducing overvoltage. In cases where shielded cables cannot be used, a metal pipe can be wrapped around the cable and grounded. Meanwhile, the laying of the lines should avoid crossing with other metal objects as much as possible to reduce the generation of induced overvoltage. ​ The reasonable layout and installation of the equipment    When installing solar street lamps, the positions of each component should be reasonably arranged. Solar panels should be installed at the top of the lamp post as much as possible to avoid being blocked by tall buildings or trees around. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure a good electrical connection between the solar panels and the lamp post. The controller and battery should be installed in a place that is waterproof, moisture-proof and easy to maintain, and kept away from damp and high-temperature environments. During the installation process, all metal components must be reliably electrically connected to form a complete equipotential body, avoiding safety accidents caused by electric sparks resulting from potential differences. ​ Regular maintenance and inspection    Lightning protection facilities are not a one-time solution and require regular maintenance and inspection. Regularly check whether the grounding system is in good condition and whether there is any corrosion or loosening of the grounding electrode. Check whether the surge protector is working properly and whether its indication status is normal. Check whether there are any problems such as damage or aging in the circuit. For the problems found, timely repair and replacement should be carried out to ensure that the lightning protection system of solar street lamps is always in good working condition. ​    The lightning protection of solar street lamps is a systematic project, which requires comprehensive consideration and implementation from multiple aspects such as grounding systems, lightning protection devices, surge protection, line protection, equipment installation and regular maintenance. Only by doing every link well can the lightning protection capacity of solar street lamps be effectively enhanced and their safe and stable operation be guaranteed.

   In the industrial and mining sectors, lighting conditions are crucial and have a direct bearing on productivity and personnel safety. As the main lighting equipment in this field, the high bay lamp has a rich classification to adapt to a variety of complex and diverse environments and needs. The detailed classification of high bay lamps is as follows:       Classification by light source type 1. High-pressure sodium lamp mining lamp    High pressure sodium lamp is a common gas discharge lamp. The light emitted by it is golden yellow and has the characteristics of high luminous efficiency and strong permeability to fog. It is widely used in some places where the color rendering requirement is not high, but high brightness large-area lighting is required, such as large open-pit mines and outdoor storage yards of steel mills. High-pressure sodium lamps can provide sufficient light in harsh outdoor environments, even in the case of fog or dust, it can ensure a certain degree of visibility to ensure the smooth progress of the operation. 2. Metal halide lamp mining lamp    The light color of the metal halide lamp is close to natural light, and the color rendering is better, which can make the object show the true color. This makes it popular in some industrial places where color discrimination is required, such as electronic manufacturing workshops, where workers need to accurately identify the color, model and other details of electronic products. Metal halide lamps can provide high brightness and high color reproduction lighting to help workers complete production tasks more accurately. However, the starting time of the metal halide lamp is relatively long, which may not be suitable for some occasions that need to be lit quickly. 3. LED high bay light    As a new type of light source, LED has been rapidly developed in the field of industrial and mining lamps in recent years. LED high bay light have many advantages such as energy saving, long life, fast response, strong shock resistance and so on. Its energy-saving effect is significant, compared with the traditional light source can greatly reduce energy consumption, saving operating costs for enterprises. In addition, the LED lights can be lit instantaneously, without warm-up time. Its life can reach tens of thousands of hours, reducing the trouble and cost of frequent replacement of lamps. In addition, through the special optical design, LED high bay light can achieve a variety of light distribution methods to meet the lighting needs of different places, whether it is a narrow roadway or a spacious industrial plant can be applied. Classification by protection level 1. IP30 protection grade high bay light    IP30 protection grade high bay lamps are suitable for general indoor industrial environment, and have a certain protection ability against dust and water. Among them, "3" means that objects with a diameter greater than 2.5 mm can be protected from entering the interior of the lamp, and "0" means that there is no waterproof protection. This protection level of high bay lamps can be used in some relatively dry, less dust workshops, such as textile workshops, mechanical assembly workshops, etc., to provide stable lighting for normal production operations. 2. IP65 protection grade high bay lamp      The IP65 protection class is one of the more commonly used. "6" means completely prevent foreign object intrusion, and can completely prevent dust from entering; "5" indicates that flushing with water does not cause any harm. This protection level of mining lamps can adapt to more harsh environments, such as underground mines, chemical workshops and so on. In the underground mine, the wet and dusty environment of the lamp protection requirements are extremely high, IP65 protection grade high bay lamps can effectively protect the internal components, ensure that the lamp works normally in a complex environment, for the safe operation of miners to provide reliable lighting protection. 3. IP67 protection grade high bay lamp    IP67 protection grade high bay lamp protection performance to a higher level. "7" means that the lamp can still ensure normal operation under certain conditions of time or water pressure in quite deep water. This high protection level of high bay lamps are often used in some extremely harsh environments, such as offshore oil drilling platforms, lighting equipment on the platform not only to face high humidity, high salt air, but also may be directly impacted by seawater, IP67 protection level of high bay lamps can well meet these challenges to ensure the stable operation of the lighting system.   Classified by light distribution mode 1. Narrow distribution light high bay lamp    The light of narrow distribution mining lamps is concentrated in a small angular range, and is usually used for occasions where remote lighting is required or a specific area is highlighted. For example, in the shaft of the mine, it is necessary to project the light to the deeper underground, and the narrow distribution light high bay lamp can play its advantage, and the light can be accurately illuminated to the target position, providing clear lighting for the underground operators. 2. Wide distribution light high bay lamp    Wide distribution light high bay lamp light distribution is more extensive, can illuminate a large area. In large industrial plants, it is necessary to illuminate the entire workshop evenly, and wide distribution light high bay lamps become the ideal choice. It can make the whole workshop in a bright and uniform light environment, avoid lighting dead corners, and help improve the efficiency and safety of workers. 3. Medium distribution light high bay lamp    The light distribution Angle of the medium light high bay lamp is between narrow light distribution and wide light distribution, which is suitable for some places with specific requirements for lighting range and intensity. For example, in some medium-sized warehouses, it is necessary to illuminate a certain area, but also to ensure that the goods on the shelf have enough brightness for identification, and the light high bay lamp can meet such needs.      Different types of high bay lamps have their own characteristics in terms of light source, protection, light distribution, etc. Enterprises can choose the most suitable high bay lamps according to their actual needs, such as working environment, lighting requirements, budget and other factors, to create good lighting conditions for industrial production and mining operations, and help safe production and efficient operation.

   Photocell sensor Street lamp is mainly composed of Photocell sensor, controller and street lamp and other parts. Its working principle is to use the photocell sensor to sense the intensity of the environmental light changes, the light signal into electrical signals, the controller according to the electrical signal to control the light and brightness of the street lamp, as follows:      1. Light perception: photocell sensors are the "eyes" of street lamps, usually using components such as photoresistors, photodiodes or phototriodes. These components are very sensitive to light, and when the ambient light hits the photocell sensor, the electronic structure inside will change, resulting in a corresponding change in the resistance value or current value. For example, a photoresistor has a lower resistance when the light is good and a higher resistance when the light is low; Photodiodes and phototriodes generate different amounts of current depending on the intensity of the light.    2. Signal conversion and processing: After the photocell sensor converts the perceived optical signal into an electrical signal, the signal is transmitted to the controller. The controller is usually a microprocessor or single chip computer, which has specific programs and algorithms built in to analyze and process the incoming electrical signals. The controller compares the received electrical signal with a preset threshold to determine whether the intensity of the current ambient light meets the conditions for the street light to be turned on or off.      3. Street lamp control: According to the processing results of the controller, when the ambient light intensity is lower than the preset opening threshold, the controller will issue instructions to open the street lamp through the drive circuit, and control the brightness of the street lamp as needed. If the ambient light intensity is higher than the preset shutdown threshold, the controller will issue a shutdown command to turn off the street lamp. In some photocell sensor street lights with dimming function, the controller will also accurately control the luminance of street lamps by adjusting the output current or voltage of the drive circuit according to the specific intensity of the ambient light and other relevant factors (such as traffic flow, time, etc.) to achieve intelligent dimming function.        Photocell sensor street light with its intelligent, energy-saving and other characteristics, is widely used in urban roads, highways, industrial parks and other scenes, in energy saving, intelligent control and other aspects of excellence, with the following advantages:    1. Efficient and energy saving    On-demand lighting: photocell sensors can sense the ambient light intensity in real time. When the ambient light is sufficient, such as during the day, the street lamp automatically turns off, avoiding unnecessary power consumption. When the light is dark, such as at night or on cloudy days, the street lamp automatically turns on and works normally. This precise intelligent control greatly reduces the ineffective lighting time of street lights, thus significantly reducing energy consumption, compared with the working mode of traditional street lights that are always open. ​ Intelligent dimming: Some advanced photocell sensor street lights also have dimming functions. According to the actual brightness of the surrounding environment and traffic flow and other factors, the street lamp can automatically adjust the luminous brightness. In the late night, when the traffic flow and the flow of people are small, the appropriate reduction of the brightness of the street lamp can not only ensure the basic lighting needs, but also further save energy. According to relevant studies, photocell sensor street lights with dimming function can save 30%-60% of energy than ordinary street lights. ​    2. Extend service life    Reduce frequent switching impact: the timing control method of traditional street lamps may force the street lamp to open or close at an inappropriate time, and frequent switching operation will cause a large current impact on key components such as the lamp bulb and ballast, accelerate the aging of components, and shorten the overall service life of the street lamp. The photocell sensor street lamp automatically controls the switch according to the ambient light, avoids unnecessary frequent switching, reduces the current impact, makes the working state of the street lamp components more stable, and effectively extends the service life of the street lamp. ​    Optimizing the working state: Because the photocell sensor street light can adjust the brightness according to the actual needs, and reduce the power operation without full brightness, the street light is in a relatively easy working state most of the time, reducing the wear and tear of the components, further extending the service life of the street light, and reducing the maintenance and replacement costs of the street light. ​    3. Improve lighting quality    Real-time adaptation to the environment: photocell sensors can quickly and accurately perceive changes in environmental light, whether it is sudden clouds blocking the sun, or the sky gradually darkening at night, street lights can respond in time, quickly adjust the lighting state, and provide continuous and stable lighting for the road. This ability to adapt to the environment in real time effectively avoids visual discomfort caused by light mutations, providing a safer and more comfortable lighting environment for pedestrians and vehicles. ​ Eliminate lighting dead corners: By rationally arranging the position of photocell sensors and street lights, precise control of lighting needs in different areas of the road can be achieved. For some corners, intersections and other places prone to lighting dead corners,photocell sensor street lights can increase the lighting brightness according to the actual situation, ensure the lighting effect of these key areas, improve the overall lighting quality of the road, and reduce the risk of traffic accidents. ​    4. Easy installation and maintenance    Easy installation: The installation process of photocell sensor street light is relatively simple. The sensor is usually small in size, easy to install in the appropriate position of the street lamp pole, and easy to connect with the street lamp control system. Compared with some complex intelligent lighting systems, there is no need to lay a large number of additional control lines, which reduces the construction difficulty and cost during the installation process, shortens the installation time, and improves the installation efficiency. ​    Efficient maintenance: Because the failure rate of the photocell sensor street lamp is relatively low, and its intelligent control system can monitor the working status of the street lamp in real time, once the fault occurs, it can quickly locate the problem, and the maintenance personnel can carry out targeted maintenance, which greatly reduces the maintenance time and improves the efficiency of the maintenance work. At the same time, the long service life also reduces the maintenance workload of frequent replacement of street lamp components. ​    5. Environmental protection and sustainability    Reduce carbon emissions: The energy-saving nature of the photocell sensor street light means that the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the power generation process are correspondingly reduced. Taking a medium-sized city as an example, if a certain number of traditional street lights are replaced with photocell sensor street lights, a large number of greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide can be reduced every year, which has positive significance for mitigating global climate change and is in line with the environmental protection concept of sustainable development. ​ Resource conservation: Reducing the replacement frequency and maintenance needs of street lamps means that in the process of production and transportation of street lamps and their components, the consumption of raw materials, water resources and energy is also correspondingly reduced, which helps to achieve efficient use and conservation of resources, and promotes the development of urban lighting systems in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable direction.

   In the dynamic landscape of international trade, the outdoor lighting sector, particularly street lamps and floodlights, is experiencing remarkable growth and innovation. This industry is not only illuminating the world but also driving economic development across borders.​ Market Expansion and Growth Projections​     The global outdoor lighting market has been on an upward trajectory in recent years. It grew from 13.46 billionin 2023 to 14.56 billion in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2%, according to research from ResearchAndMarkets.com. This growth is expected to continue, reaching $19.16 billion by 2028 at a CAGR of 7.9%. The market expansion is attributed to several factors, including the increasing adoption of energy - efficient lighting systems, the penetration of LED technology, and the growing demand for safety and security in outdoor spaces.​     Energy - Efficiency and Sustainability: A Key Selling Point​    Energy - efficient lighting solutions are at the forefront of the outdoor lighting export market. For instance, many companies are replacing traditional street lights with energy - efficient LED lights. In September 2021, the New York State government replaced 286,000 street lights with LED lights and aims to extend this to half a million street lights by 2025. Moreover, the Inflation Reduction Acts of 2022 in the United States provide tax deductions for those opting for energy - efficient lighting, further promoting the use of such systems.​    Solar - powered outdoor lighting is also gaining significant traction. The International Energy Agency reported that solar photovoltaic (PV) generation reached almost 1,300 terawatt - hours in 2022, and projections indicate that solar PV's installed power capacity will surpass coal by 2027, becoming the world's largest power capacity source. Many exporters are capitalizing on this trend by offering solar - powered street lamps and floodlights, which are not only energy - efficient but also eco - friendly, appealing to markets worldwide.​ Product Innovation: Meeting Diverse Global Needs​    Innovative product development is another crucial aspect of the outdoor lighting export industry. LED street light, for example, are evolving to meet various requirements. In June 2022, Evluma introduced the Roadmax series, offering versatility with three sizes accommodating different wattages. This luminaire, designed to meet RP - 8 - 18 roadway specifications, stands out for its sleek aesthetic and exceptional optical design, providing excellent roadway performance and glare control.​      Floodlights, known for their ability to provide high - intensity illumination over a large area, are also being innovated. They are used in a wide range of applications, from illuminating stadiums for sports events to highlighting the architecture of buildings. Modern floodlights come with features such as adjustable beam angles, long - lasting LED bulbs, and robust weather - resistant casings, making them suitable for diverse environmental conditions across different countries.​     Future Outlook​    As the global demand for outdoor lighting continues to grow, exporters are expected to focus more on innovation, energy - efficiency, and sustainability. The integration of smart lighting technologies, such as the use of sensors for automatic brightness adjustment and remote control capabilities, is also likely to become more prevalent in exported street lamps and floodlights. With the continuous expansion of infrastructure development and urbanization in emerging economies, the outdoor lighting export market is set to shine even brighter in the coming years.

1. Definition of LED light source and luminaire An LED light source is a component that is provided with an LED lamp or LED module. LED luminaires are luminaires that are designed to use LED light sources. A luminaire is defined as "an apparatus capable of distributing, transmitting or transforming the light emitted by one or more lamps, and includes all the parts necessary to support, secure and protect the lamp (but not the lamp itself) as well as the necessary electrical aids and devices to connect them to the power source."   2. The reason why LEDs are misunderstood as LED light sources The light sources in conventional luminaires are almost always replaceable. With the advent of LEDs,Most of the lamps using LED modules appear in a non-replaceable form, which seems to show a trend of integration.The boundaries between LED light sources and LED luminaires also seem to be blurred.Is the whole a luminaire and can be considered as a light source? In fact, it is clearly written in the definition of luminaires: a luminaire with a monolithic non-replaceable light source is considered a luminaire. Luminaires using LED modules are precisely one example of luminaires.     3. The light source has the characteristics of being used by different lamps The light source is used by the luminaire. LED light sources can be used both in simple lamps and in road lamps. 4. Differences in the level of protection of the enclosure As a light source, there are no special enclosure protection requirements or IP20 should be achieved. However, the enclosure rating of outdoor lighting fixtures should be at least IP65.The enclosure protection level of LED road lamps should reach at least IPX3, and the enclosure protection level of tunnel lamps should reach at least IPX5.   5. Different luminous fluxes The luminous flux of the light source in the luminous effect of the LED light source refers to the luminous flux emitted by the bare light source (the state in which the luminaire is not yet installed).Among them, the LED light source can be an integrated LED lamp or an integrated LED module,Semi-integrated LED lamps or semi-integrated LED modules or non-integrated LED lamps or non-integrated LED modules.The numerator-one luminous flux in the expression of the efficiency of LED luminaires refers to the light source being installed into the luminaire.   The luminous flux emitted by the luminaire after using the required LED control device or the power supply of the LED control unit at the same time.The power supply of the LED control device or the LED control device can be integral,Built-in or free-standing. Luminaires that use LED light sources may use reflectors, diffusers, or lenses. The light source installed in the luminaire may be a single light source or a collection of multiple light sources, but the efficiency loss due to the interaction of thermal energy and electrical energy, and the efficiency of the luminaire optical system, the luminous flux of the LED luminaire is not equal to the luminous flux of the LED light source or its simple accumulation. The luminous flux in the luminous efficiency of the LED light source is different from the luminous flux in the luminaire efficiency in the luminaire performance. The former is measured in the pulsed state and the latter in the steady-state operating state. The light in the LED light source is non-directional, as long as the light can be emitted, it is recognized in all directions. The light in the efficiency of LED lamps is directional, and the light needs to be sent to useful areas.

   A photovoltaic panel is a type of solar energy conversion device that converts solar energy into electricity. Solar panels are one of the most commonly used, and the common solar panels of solar street lights are mainly divided into two categories: monocrystalline photovoltaic panels and polycrystalline photovoltaic panels.    Monocrystalline photovoltaic panels are made from a single silicon crystal. In the manufacturing process, the silicon material is first melted and then cooled down to become a solid. The silicon mass thus formed is called a "ingot". Next, this ingot will be cut into very thin wafers, which are called "wafers". The wafers are assembled on photovoltaic panels to form a complete monocrystalline photovoltaic panel. Monocrystalline PV panels have a dark blue appearance and are usually square or rectangular in shape.    In contrast, polycrystalline photovoltaic panels are made up of multiple small crystals. The manufacturing process for polycrystalline photovoltaic panels is similar to that of monocrystalline photovoltaic panels, but instead of melting into a single crystal, the silicon material forms multiple small crystals during the melting process. These small crystals are cut into wafers and then assembled on photovoltaic panels. Polycrystalline PV panels have a light blue or gray appearance and are usually square or rectangular in shape.    In addition to the differences in manufacturing process and appearance, monocrystalline PV panels and polycrystalline PV panels have different performance characteristics. Monocrystalline PV panels are more efficient than polycrystalline PV panels because they are made of a single crystal, making it easier for electrons to move within the crystal. In addition, monocrystalline PV panels perform better in low light conditions because of its faster response time. The cost of polycrystalline PV panels is lower than that of monocrystalline PV panels because polycrystalline silicon is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon. In addition, polycrystalline photovoltaic panels perform better at high temperatures and low light conditions because it has a lower surface reflectivity and is better able to absorb light energy.    When choosing solar panels, you should choose monocrystalline PV panels or polycrystalline PV panels according to the specific application scenario. If high efficiency and stable performance are required, then choosing monocrystalline PV panels is a good choice. If you need to reduce costs and adapt to high temperature and low light conditions, then hydrocrystalline photovoltaic panels are a better choice.    In conclusion, both monocrystalline and polycrystalline PV panels have their advantages and disadvantages, which should be chosen according to the application scenario and budget. With the continuous development and advancement of solar technology, we believe that the performance and cost of both photovoltaic panels will be continuously improved and improved.